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ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent research on the probability of increasing physical injuries during physical activities revealed that resistance training can improve physical performance of college students, prevent sports injuries and reduce the body fat rate of its practitioners. Objective: Analyze the effects of resistance training on the body index of university students. Methods: One hundred female college students were selected as experimenters to ensure normal activities for 16 weeks. The experimenter performed resistance training for 16 weeks, three times a week on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, with three cycles each time. Results: After 16 weeks of experimental intervention, the average chest circumference, average waist circumference, average hip circumference, and average leg circumference of the experimental group were 83.27cm, 63.1cm, 89.95cm, 54.6cm, and 24.02%, respectively. After the experiment, the average back muscle strength of the experimental group increased by 5.11kg, and the average basal metabolism increased from 1204.4 kcal to 1260.59 kcal. Conclusion: Resistance training and aerobic exercise have the most significant effect on body fat rate. Resistance training can control the decline of body fat rate in college students to improve their physical quality. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: Pesquisas recentes sobre a preocupação na probabilidade do aumento em lesões físicas durante as atividades físicas revelaram que o treinamento de resistência pode melhorar o desempenho físico dos estudantes universitários, prevenir lesões esportivas e reduzir a taxa de gordura corporal de seus praticantes. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do treinamento de resistência física sobre o índice corporal dos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Cem estudantes universitárias foram selecionadas como experimentadoras para garantir atividades normais durante 16 semanas. O experimentador realizou treinamento de resistência durante 16 semanas, três vezes por semana na segunda, quarta e sexta-feira, com três ciclos de cada vez. Resultados: Após 16 semanas de intervenção experimental, a circunferência média do tórax, circunferência média da cintura, circunferência média do quadril e circunferência média das pernas do grupo experimental foram 83,27cm, 63,1cm, 89,95cm, 54,6cm e 24,02% respectivamente. Após o experimento, a força média dos músculos das costas do grupo experimental aumentou em 5,11kg, e o metabolismo basal médio aumentou de 1204,4kcal para 1260,59kcal. Conclusão: O treinamento de resistência e o exercício aeróbico têm o efeito mais significativo na taxa de gordura corporal. O treinamento de resistência pode controlar o declínio da taxa de gordura corporal dos estudantes universitários, de forma a melhorar sua qualidade física. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: Recientes investigaciones sobre la preocupación por la probabilidad de aumento de lesiones físicas durante las actividades físicas revelaron que el entrenamiento de resistencia puede mejorar el rendimiento físico de los estudiantes universitarios, prevenir lesiones deportivas y reducir el índice de grasa corporal de sus practicantes. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia física sobre el índice corporal de estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Se seleccionaron cien estudiantes universitarias como experimentadoras para garantizar una actividad normal durante 16 semanas. El experimentador realizó un entrenamiento de resistencia durante 16 semanas, tres veces por semana, los lunes, miércoles y viernes, con tres ciclos cada vez. Resultados: Tras 16 semanas de intervención experimental, el perímetro torácico medio, el perímetro medio de la cintura, el perímetro medio de la cadera y el perímetro medio de las piernas del grupo experimental fueron de 83,27 cm, 63,1 cm, 89,95 cm, 54,6 cm y 24,02% respectivamente. Tras el experimento, la fuerza muscular media de la espalda del grupo experimental aumentó en 5,11 kg, y el metabolismo basal medio pasó de 1204,4 kcal a 1260,59 kcal. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de resistencia y el ejercicio aeróbico tienen el efecto más significativo sobre el índice de grasa corporal. El entrenamiento de resistencia puede controlar la disminución de la tasa de grasa corporal en los estudiantes universitarios, con el fin de mejorar su calidad física. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Molecular target therapy plays an important role in the treatment of malignant tumor.But research and development progress is slow on drugs targeting ovarian cancer.Only bevacizumab and olaparib have been approved for treating ovarian cancer by the FDA or the EMA,and their clinical application is limited.In recent years,there have been more and more reports on molecular tar?get therapy of ovarian cancer.Research advances have been made on novel drugs targeting E3 ubiquitin ligase,VEGF/VEGFR signal?ing pathways,PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathways,IL-6/IL-6R signaling pathways and macrophage migration-inhibitory factor.This arti?cle briefly summarizes the current progresses in studies of molecular target therapy in ovarian cancer.
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This article recorded the analysis and comparison between the medicinal nature theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and ethnomedicine(EM). The vocabulary of "medicinal nature" was suggested to indicate the properties of ethnomedicine. Based on the influence of TCM medicinal nature theory on EM in China, the application of medicinal nature theory in EM was divided into 3 classes, and the standardizing principles for EM medicinal nature were proposed. It was suggested that medicinal quality, flavor, tendency, tropism, degree and efficiency can be used for the classification standard for EM medicinal nature.
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AIM@#To investigate the anticancer activity of DT-13 under normoxia and determine the underlying mechanisms of action.@*METHODS@#MDA-MB-435 cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion were performed to assess the anticancer activity of DT-13, a saponin from Ophiopogon japonicus, in vitro. In addition, the effects of DT-13 on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo were evaluated by orthotopic implantation of MDA-MB-435 cells into nude mice; mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR; and CCR5 protein levels were detected by Western blot assay.@*RESULTS@#At 0.01 to 1 μmol·L(-1), DT-13 inhibited MDA-MB-435 cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion significantly in vitro. DT-13 reduced VEGF and CCR5 mRNAs, and decreased CCR5 protein expression by down-regulating HIF-1α. In addition, DT-13 inhibited MDA-MB-435 cell lung metastasis, and restricted tumor growth slightly in vivo.@*CONCLUSION@#DT-13 inhibited MDA-MB-435 cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration in vitro, and lung metastasis in vivo by reducing VEGF, CCR5, and HIF-1α expression.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Breast Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Metabolism , CCR5 Receptor Antagonists , Cell Adhesion , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Liriope Plant , Chemistry , Mice, Nude , Plant Tubers , Chemistry , Receptors, CCR5 , Genetics , Metabolism , Saponins , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
To establish an HPLC digital fingerprint for Rhizoma Coptidis produced in E'mei, and apply it in the determination of Rhizoma Coptidis herbs produced in main producing areas nationwide, while determining the content of seven quaternary ammonium alkaloids contained in Coptidis Rhizoma, in order to provide basis for scientific evaluation and effective control over quality of Rhizoma Coptidis. Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was adopted and eluted with acetonitrile 0.025 mol x L(-1) KH2PO4 solution (adjust pH to 3.0 with H3PO4) (40:60) containing SDS 1.7 g x L(-1). The flow rate was 1.2 mL x min(-1), the detective wavelength was 345 nm, and the column temperature was 40 degrees C. The chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system for traditional Chinese medicines (state pharmacopeia committee of China) was used for analysis. The chromatographic fingerprint similarity of ten batches of Coptidis Rhizoma samples produced in Emei was more than 0. 99. There were altogether 10 common peaks, and eight of them were identified. A comparative analysis showed a high similarity between samples from five main producing areas nationwide and Coptidis Rhizoma herbs in E'mei. Meanwhile, the content of seven major alkaloids contained in Coptidis Rhizoma herbs, namely groenlandicine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine and berberine were determined. As the method was highly sensitive and specific, the combination of HPLC digital fingerprint and alkaloid content determination could reflect its inherent quality in an all-round way, which provided scientific basis for the quality control of Coptidis Rhizoma.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Ranunculaceae , Chemistry , Rhizome , ChemistryABSTRACT
The precondition of accurate gastric cancer surgery is precise assessment of lymph node metastasis. To date, no imaging modality achieves both high sensitivity and high specificity in detecting lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Intraoperative sentinel node tracing and biopsy are the most popular method to identify the localization of tumor cell, but is limited to early gastric cancer. Nano-composite materials, designed for tumor imaging and tracing, show us a newly emerging domain for tumor detection in gastric cancer. The function of these nano-composite materials to detect lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer relies on the effective backflow of lymph system. However, the lymph vessels can be obstructed by tumor cells in advanced gastric cancer, which may restrain the application of these nanoparticles. Therefore, more methods to detect lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer should be explored. This review summarizes the characteristic of the targeted nanosphere. Based on the reported studies, a novel idea is conceived that targeted multifunctional nanosphere may be a potential method to achieve precise assessment of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.
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Humans , Lymph Nodes , Pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis , Pathology , Stomach Neoplasms , PathologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line as an in vitro model of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons for Parkinson's disease (PD) research and to determine the effect of differentiation on this cell model.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>The data of this review were selected from the original reports and reviews related to SH-SY5Y cells published in Chinese and foreign journals (Pubmed 1973 to 2009).</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>After searching the literature, 60 articles were selected to address this review.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The SH-SY5Y cell line has become a popular cell model for PD research because this cell line posses many characteristics of DAergic neurons. For example, these cells express tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, as well as the dopamine transporter. Moreover, this cell line can be differentiated into a functionally mature neuronal phenotype in the presence of various agents. Upon differentiation, SH-SY5Y cells stop proliferating and a constant cell number is subsequently maintained. However, different differentiating agents induce different neuronal phenotypes and biochemical changes. For example, retinoic acid induces differentiation toward a cholinergic neuronal phenotype and increases the susceptibility of SH-SY5Y cells to neurotoxins and neuroprotective agents, whereas treatment with retinoic acid followed by phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate results in a DAergic neuronal phenotype and decreases the susceptibility of cells to neurotoxins and neuroprotective agents. Some differentiating agents also alter kinetics of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) uptake, making SH-SY5Y cells more similar to primary mesencephalic neurons.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Differentiated and undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells have been widely used as a cell model of DAergic neurons for PD research. Some differentiating agents afford SH-SY5Y cells with more potential for studying neurotoxicity and neuroprotection and are thus more relevant to experimental PD research.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Differentiation , Physiology , Cell Line, Tumor , Dopamine , Metabolism , Neuroblastoma , Metabolism , Pathology , Neurons , Metabolism , Pathology , Parkinson Disease , Metabolism , PathologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of the changes in the levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) on cardiac function of severe burn patients during shock stage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty severe burn patients with total burn surface area larger than 30% were enrolled as experiment group (E group) , and they received fluid resuscitation and debridement during shock stage. Sixty healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group (C group). The changes in the plasma level of CGRP, NPY and cTnT in E and C groups were observed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 post-burn hours (PBH). The correlation among the CGRP, NPY and cTnT in the C group were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 3 PBH, the plasma level of CGRP in E group (28 +/- 6) ng/L was lower than that in C group (55 +/- 7) ng/L , and it reached the lowest level at 12 PBH (15 +/- 4)ng/L . It was still lower than that in C group at 48 PBH (P < 0.05). The levels of NPY and cTnT in E group were significantly increased at 1PBH [(136 +/- 20) ng/L, (0.41 +/- 0.08) microg/L] compared with that in C group[ (86 +/- 13) ng/L, (0.16 +/- 0.06) microg/L], peaking at 12PBH [(189 +/- 31) ng/L, (1.78 +/- 0. 47) microg/L], and remaining higher than those in C group at 48PBH. There exhibited obvious negative correlation between the changes in the level of CGRP and cTnT ( r = -0.76, P < 0.01), while obvious positive correlation was found between the changes in level of NPY and cTnT ( r = 0.79, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The decrease in CGRP level and the increase in NPY level might play important roles in myocardial injury during shock stage of severe burn patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Burns , Blood , Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide , Blood , Myocardium , Metabolism , Neuropeptide Y , Blood , Shock, Traumatic , Blood , Troponin T , BloodABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the imaging feature of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone (PBMFH) by the conventional radiography, CT and MRI, and to evaluate these different imaging methods in its diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The imaging data of conventional radiography, CT and MRI of 35 patients with pathologically confirmed PBMFH were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Though the imaging appearance of PBMFH varied in different cases, all the imaging findings of malignant bone tumors were revealed. The common imaging appearance on the conventional radiography and CT were eccentric, aggressive, osteolytic destructions of various types located at the ends of extremities with extraosseous soft tissue masses, but periosteal reaction was rare. Heterogeneous signal intensities on T(1)WI and T(2)WI were common MRI changes but not specific.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Primary malignant bone fibrous histiocytoma, a rare primary malignant bone tumor, is most frequently located in the long bone. Conventional radiography is still the first and main choice and is taken as an essential means of diagnosis. CT and MRI are quite important in demonstrating the details and extent of the disease such as soft tissue, cortical destruction, periosteal reaction, calcification and necrosis. The imaging characteristics may be of value in differentiating MFH from the other malignant bone tumors. Furthermore, MRI may also be valuable in assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, as well as in distinguishing recurrence from postoperative or post-radiation changes.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Nerve conduit, a new way to repair peripheral nerve, has good prospect. Now, the main obstacle of the conduit's clinical using is the absence of material with both ideal physical property and good biocompatibility. In this study, the PLA is added to chitosan to form a novel material used to make a new nerve conduit. And the rat modal is used to get the data of the nerve conduit made of new material to repair the defect of peripheral nerve in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chitosan-PLA Composite Biodegradable material was used to produce a nerve conduit with depth of 200 um, diameter of 1.5 mm. This new conduit was used to repair the sciatic nerve's defect of 5 mm long. The other two groups as control groups repairs the same defects using silicon conduit or nerve's autograft respectively. 12 weeks after operation, normal assessments were performed including movement of hindlimb, hindlimb's retraction after being pricked by needle and ulcer in claw's palm. Special assessment was performed including histology, ECG, image analysis and weighing of triceps muscle of calf. The data of three groups was statistically analyzed by group t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As the normal observation showing: after 12 weeks, the regenerating nerve succeeded to path through the gap and dominated the muscle. Special assessment including ECG, image analysis and weighing of triceps muscle of calf showed that the group using Chitosan-PLA Composite conduit had the nervous regeneration better than silicon conduit group both in the nerve's quality and in axon's quantity. And the nervous regeneration of Chitosan-PLA Composite conduit group was as good as that of nervous autograft's group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chitosan-PLA Composite Biodegradable conduit could repair the defect of peripheral nerves successfully. It is an ideal material for nerve conduit.</p>